Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that enables oxygen to travel around the body. Red blood cells are renewed in their millions every day, so the body needs to break down old cells. The urochrome from this process ends up in the urine as a yellow color. While bright yellow urine does not necessarily indicate dangerous health issues, it is important to keep a close eye on the color of urine. This section names many of the possible causes, but it is not a complete list.
There may be other causes of color changes in the urine. People should take any concerns about unusual urine color to a doctor. Examples include the antibiotic rifampicin and the pain-relief drug phenazopyridine.
Some laxatives and chemotherapy agents can also color the urine orange. Dietary factors behind orange urine include a high intake of carrots, as a substance called carotene that these vegetables contain can impact urine color. Vitamin C, blackberries, beetroot, and rhubarb can also have this effect. Blood in the urine, known as hematuria, is a possible cause of red urine.
See a doctor about red urine, as hematuria can be serious. Hemoglobinuria, a blood condition, can also cause red urine, as can myoglobinuria, which involves a waste product of the breakdown of muscles. Porphyria is a rare metabolic disorder.
Medical journals often publish case reports, such as this study of an unusual instance of green urine. The authors cited ulcerative colitis, a bowel condition, as the cause of the green color. The authors wrote that the gut lining was absorbing green food coloring that it would normally filter out. Urine can indicate changes in the body through its smell, clarity, and translucency as well as color.
Cloudy urine can signal a number of possible problems. Clear or transparent means you are drinking a lot of water. While it is rare to drink too much water, I recommend that if you see this shade, you cut back a bit. Cutting back your fluid intake will also reduce the number of trips to the bathroom.
Changes in the consistency of the liquid, including if it is cloudy or foamy, can be a sign of a urinary tract infection , an overabundance of certain minerals, a symptom of a chronic disease or sign of a kidney condition. In some cases, it is also a sign of dehydration. Another cause could be that you love steak and eat a lot of red meat or are on a ketogenic diet high-fat and low-carb.
When everything is healthy and normal, your urine should be pale yellow to gold. It is helpful to regularly pay attention to your urination to see what your normal color is, so that you can tell when it is different. Amber urined your bright yellow or neon liquid. Bright yellow urine is harmless, and is just a sign that you are taking more vitamins than your body needs. You may want to check with your doctor on what vitamins your body does not need as much of so you can cut back. If your morning routine includes popping a handful of vitamins and supplements, this could be the culprit behind your bright yellow or neon liquid.
Brown color in urination could mean you have severe dehydration or a liver condition. Brown urine could be misinterpreted as a very dark red, which could be caused by blood. Brown coloration could also be caused by large consumption of fava beans, aloe or rhubarb. Learn what to expect if you…. Cystocele is a condition in which the bladder protrudes into the vagina.
We explain the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and more. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Medically reviewed by Judith Marcin, M. What causes urine color to change? What are the risk factors for abnormal urine color? How is abnormal urine color diagnosed? How is abnormal urine color treated? Read this next. Why Is My Urine Foamy? Medically reviewed by Suzanne Falck, MD. Why Is My Urine Dark? Medically reviewed by Elaine K. Luo, M. Medically reviewed by Amy Richter, RD.
Medically reviewed by Debra Rose Wilson, Ph. Medically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph. What Causes Orange Urine? Medically reviewed by Stacy Sampson, D. Why Is My Urine Brown? Medically reviewed by Carolyn Kay, M. In most cases, urine that contains blood is unlikely to be a full stream of blood as people might imagine, but instead "parts" of blood mixed in with urine - and obviously spotted as such, usually distinguishable from what you would see if you were to have beetroot as a cause mentioned earlier on in this article.
If your urine contains blood, it might point to a temporary cause: This is still a reason to see your doctor, especially if you urinate blood more than once. This can be serious and might be an indicator of a serious underlying condition.
Speaking to your doctor about it establishes a line of communication - and could mean that something easy to treat is spotted early enough in the condition for it to be treated effectively and immediately. Cloudy urine isn't something to worry about in most cases: instead, cloudy urine can indicate the presence of a standard bladder or urinary tract infection in the body - but might also indicate something more serious if it doesn't go away after treatment.
Again, the best thing that you can do in this case is to call on your doctor for their advice. Where it's an infection of some sort, it's likely a standard and easy-to-treat infection that can be fixed with a course of antibiotics - and if it's something more serious, speaking to your doctor gives you the chance to spot it early on.
Additionally, there are some types of medications that might cause cloudy urine, too: For these, you're best off seeing your doctor, especially where you have started or stopped new medication recently enough to have caused this.
Clear urine is normal, but too clear urine for a long period of time can be an indicator that you're hydrating too much - and you might reach the point where you are losing essential minerals through your urine that would have been better off inside the body.
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